New cloaking devices could hide objects from water waves and currents
The materials can reduce drag and wave motion on items in fluids
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Editorial Briefing
Hydrogen fuel cell-powered marine vessels
Aug 2019
Although international shipping is critical to global trade, cargo ships are a major source of air pollution, including greenhouse gas emissions. At present, atmospheric emissions from fuel oil-powered marine ships include sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), and carbon dioxide (CO2). According to the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the United Nations agency responsible for preventing air pollution by ships, maritime shipping is responsible for 18 to 30 percent of NOx, 9 percent of SOx, and 3.5 to 4 percent of CO2 emissions worldwide. In addition, the maritime risk management and environmental assessment organization RightShip projects that if no abatement action is taken, global CO2 emissions may increase 50 to 250 percent by 2050 because of shipping growth. In April 2018, the IMO adopted a non-binding agreement to reduce CO2 emissions. Suggested carbon reduction strategies include improving fuel quality and engine emission standards as well as using new technologies, such as fuel cells, biofuels, and advanced sail design. See also: Air pollution; Biosynthesis of fuels; Carbon dioxide; Fuel oil; Nitrogen oxides; Ship powering, maneuvering, and seakeeping
Hydrogen fuel cell-powered marine vessels